1. Introduction: approaching popular culture in the ancient world Lucy Grig; Part I. Classical Greece: 2. The popular culture of the Athenian institutions: 'authorized' popular culture and 'unauthorized' elite culture in classical Athens Mirko Canevaro; 3. Humouring the masses: the theatre audience and highs and lows of Aristophanic comedy James Robson; Part II. Rome: 4. Popular public opinion in a nutshell: nicknames and non-elite political culture in the Late Republic Cristina Rosillo-López; 5. Plebeian culture in the city of Rome, from the Late Republic to the Early Empire Cyril Courrier; 6. Pollio's paradox: popular invective and the transition to Empire Tom Hawkins; 7. The music of power and the power of music: studying popular auditory culture in ancient Rome Alexandre Vincent; Part III. The Roman Empire: Greece, Rome and Beyond: 8. The intellectual life of the Roman non-elite Jerry Toner; 9. Divination and popular culture Victoria Jennings; 10. Children's cultures in Roman Egypt April Pudsey; Part IV. Late Antiquity: 11. Interpreting the Kalends of January in late antiquity: a case study for late antique popular culture? Lucy Grig; 12. Popular Christianity and lived religion in late antique Rome: seeing magic in the catacombs Nicola Denzey Lewis; 13. Popular theology in late antiquity Jaclyn Maxwell; 14. Communication and plebeian sociability in late antiquity: the view from North Africa in the age of Augustine Julio Cesar Magalhães de Oliveira.