Luis M. de la Maza became the Medical Director of the Division of Medical Microbiology at the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine in 1979, where he is also the Medical Director of the Clinical Laboratory Scientist training program. His research is focused on the formulation of a Chlamydia trachomatis vaccine.

Marie T. Pezzlo is the Senior Supervisor of the Medical Microbiology Division at the University of California, Irvine Medical Center. Throughout her career she has been an active member and supporter of the American Society for Microbiology. Her research interest has been focused on rapid detection of microorganisms, especially in urinary tract infections.

Cassiana E. Bittencourt joined the Department of Pathology at the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine in 2016 as Medical Director of the Division of Medical Microbiology. Her current interests include infectious disease histology, application of non-culture-based methods, and resident education.

Ellena M. Peterson joined the Department of Pathology at the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine in 1978. She has served as Associate Dean of Admissions for the School of Medicine and as Associate Director of the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory and presently is Program Director of the Clinical Laboratory Scientist Program. Her research has been focused on the pathogenicity of Chlamydia.

Preface ix

Acknowledgments xi

Technical Note xi

About the Authors xiii

1 Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Other Catalase¿Positive Cocci 1

2 Streptococcus 11

3 Enterococcus 24

4 Aerococcus, Abiotrophia, and Other Miscellaneous Gram-Positive Cocci That Grow Aerobically 30

5 Coryneform Gram-Positive Bacilli 36

6 Listeria and Erysipelothrix 48

7 Bacillus 54

8 Nocardia, Rhodococcus, Actinomadura, Streptomyces, Gordonia, and Other Aerobic Actinomycetes 62

9 Mycobacterium 70

10 Introduction to Enterobacterales 91

11 Escherichia, Shigella, and Salmonella 103

12 Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Cronobacter, Serratia, Plesiomonas, and Selected Other Enterobacterales 113

13 Yersinia 129

14 Vibrionaceae 134

15 Aeromonas 141

16 Pseudomonas 145

17 Burkholderia, Stenotrophomonas, Ralstonia, Cupriavidus, Pandoraea, Brevundimonas, Comamonas, Delftia, and Acidovorax 150

18 Acinetobacter, Chryseobacterium, Moraxella, Methylobacterium, and Other Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli 157

19 Actinobacillus, Aggregatibacter, Capnocytophaga, Eikenella, Kingella, Pasteurella, and Other Fastidious or Rarely Encountered Gram-Negative Bacilli 168

20 Legionella 180

21 Neisseria 184

22 Haemophilus 191

23 Bordetella and Related Genera 197

24 Brucella 203

25 Bartonella 207

26 Francisella 210

27 Introduction to Anaerobic Bacteria 213

28 Clostridium and Clostridioides 223

29 Peptostreptococcus, Finegoldia, Anaerococcus, Peptoniphilus, Cutibacterium, Lactobacillus, Actinomyces, and Other Non-Spore-Forming, Anaerobic Gram-Positive Bacteria 237

30 Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, and Other Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacteria 252

31 Campylobacter and Arcobacter 261

32 Helicobacter 267

33 Chlamydia 272

34 Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma 277

35 Leptospira, Borrelia, Treponema, and Brachyspira 281

36 Rickettsia, Orientia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and Coxiella 290

37 Tropheryma whipplei 297

38 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing 299

39 Molecular Diagnosis of Bacterial Infections 307

40 Total Laboratory Automation 330

41 Stains, Media, Reagents, and Histopathology 338

42 Fast Facts: Bacteria 367

Index 421