Patricia Shehan Campbell is Donald E. Peterson Professor of Music at the University of Washington, where she teaches courses at the interface of ethnomusicology and music education. She is author or co-author of numerous books, including Songs in Their Heads, Teaching Music Globally, Music in Childhood, Musician and Teacher, Music in Cultural Context, and Multicultural Perspectives in Music Education, and is co-editor of the Global Music Series. She serves on the board of Smithsonian Folkways, was vice-president of The Society for Ethnomusicology, and is president-elect of The College Music Society. She has lectured widely on matters of world music pedagogy, children's musical cultures, and musical embodiment: movement as a pedagogical tool.

Trevor Wiggins is a Research Associate at the School of Oriental and African Studies, London and an independent musician and music educator. He has a particular interest in the interconnections between Ethnomusicology and processes of pedagogy and music education, drawing particularly on his long-term fieldwork in northern Ghana. He has published numerous articles, CDs and pedagogic materials that explore this area and has delivered lectures and workshops on these topics in many countries. He is currently co-editor of the journal Ethnomusicology Forum.

Contents
About the Contributors
Introduction
Patricia Shehan Campbell and Trevor Wiggins
Engagements with Culture: Socialization and Identity

(Re)Making cultures for/by children/Updating tradition
1. Girls Experiencing Gamelan Education and Cultural Politics in Bali
Sonja Downing
2. Youth Music At The Yakama Nation Tribal School
Robert Pitzer
3. Reform Jewish Songleading and the Flexible Practices of Jewish-American Youth
Judah Cohen
4. Venda Children's Musical Culture in Limpopo, South Africa
Andrea Emberly
5. Songs of Japanese Schoolchildren During World War II
Noriko Manabe
6. Girlhood Songs, Musical Tales and Games as Strategies for Socialization into Adult Gender among the Baganda of Uganda
Sylvia Nannyonga-Tamusuza
7. Musical Cultures of Girls in the Brazilian Amazon
Beatriz Ilari
8. The Musical Socialization of Children and Adolescents in Brazil in their Everyday Lives
Magali Kleber and Jusamara Souza
9. Polyphonic Conception of Music in Georgian Children (Caucasus)
Polo Vallejo
10. Integration in Mexican Children's Musical Worlds
Janet Sturman
Cultural Identities with multiple meanings

11. Celticity, Community and Continuity in the Children's Musical Cultures of Cornwall
Alan Kent
12. Miskitu Children's Singing Games on the Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua as Intercultural Play and Performance
Amanda Minks
13. Education and Evangelism in a Sierra Leonean Village
Sarah Bartolome
14. Children's Urban and Rural Musical Worlds in North India
Natalie Sarrazin
15. Enjoyment and Socialization in Gambian Children's Music Making
Lisa Huisman Koops
16. Children's Musical Engagement with Trinidad's Carnival Music
Hope Munro Smith
Personal journeys in/through culture
17. Musical Childhoods Across Three Generations, from Puerto Rico to the U.S.A.
Marisol Berríos-Miranda
18. The Musical Worlds of Aboriginal Children at Burrulula and Darwin in the Northern Territory of Australia
Elizabeth Mackinlay
19. Reflexive and Reflective Perspectives of Musical Childhoods in Singapore
Chee-Hoo Lum and Eugene Dairianathan
20. The Musical Culture of African American Children in Tennessee
Marvelene Moore
Music in education and development
21. Children's and Adolescents' Musical Needs and Music Education in Germany
Alexandra Kertz-Welzel
22. Threads of Te Whariki in Early Childhood Musical Activities in Aotearoa/New Zealand
Sally Bodkin-Allen
23. The Musical Lives of Children in Hong Kong
Lily Chen Hafteck
24. Tradition and Change in the Musical Culture of South Korean Children
Young-Youn Kim
25. Perspectives on the School Band from Hardcore American Band Kids
Carlos Abril
26. The Nature of Music-Nurturing in Japanese Preschools
Mayumi Adachi
27. The Complex Ecologies of Early Childhood Musical Cultures in Australia
Peter Whiteman
28. The Role of Context and Experience among the Children of the Church of God and Saints of Christ, Cleveland, Ohio
Sara Stone Miller and Terry E. Miller
29. Music in the Lives of Refugee and Newly Arrived Immigrant Children in Sydney, Australia
Kathy Marsh
30. Enculturational Discontinuities in the Musical Experience of the Wagogo Children of Central Tanzania
Kedmon Mapana
Technologies: Impacts, Uses and Responses
31. Children's MP3 Players as Material Culture in the U.S.A.
Tyler Bickford
32. Economics, Class and Musical Apprenticeship in South Asia's Brass Band Communities
Greg Booth
33. Constructions and Negotiations of Identity in Children's Music in Canada
Anna Hoefnagels and Kristin Harris Walsh
34. A Historical Look at Three Recordings of Children's Musicking in New York City
Christopher Roberts
35. Whose Songs in their Heads?
Trevor Wiggins