Introduction: Rethinking Latin American independence in the twenty-first century Marcela Echeverri and Cristina Soriano; 1. On the origins of Latin American independence: A reappraisal of colonial crisis, popular politics and Atlantic revolution in the eighteenth century Sinclair Thomson; 2. Constitutionalism and representation in Ibero-America during the independence processes Marcela Ternavasio; 3. Foreign interaction and the independence of Latin America: Local dynamics, Atlantic processes Ernesto Bassi and Fabrício Prado; 4. Public opinion and militarization during the wars of independence Alejandro M Rabinovich and Cristina Soriano; 5. Natural histories of remembrance and forgetting: Science and independence in the Spanish and Portuguese Americas Jorge Cañizares-Esguerra and Neil Safier; 6. Brothers in arms: Freemasonry in Latin American independence Karen Racine; 7. Beyond heroes and heroines: Gendering Latin American independence Sarah C Chambers; 8. Views on the Latin American independences from the Iberian Peninsula Álvaro Caso Bello and Gabriel Paquette; 9. Shades of unfreedom: Labor regimes in Latin America in the nineteenth century Marcela Echeverri and Roquinaldo Ferreira; 10. Early liberalism: Emancipation and its limits José M Portillo; Bibliography; Index.