Burt J. Kushner, MD, is Professor Emeritus, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison. He is a pediatric ophthalmologist specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of strabismus and his contributions include demonstration of improved visual fields of patients following strabismus surgery, elucidation of torsional eye movements in normals as well as patients with strabismus, and a novel hypotheses on the mechanism of "overacting" extraocular muscles. Dr. Kushner has written over 200 peer-reviewed articles, many of which are on the classification and treatment of intermittent exotropia, and he has authored over 40 textbook chapters. He has given 24 named lectures and received many awards. Dr. Kushner was the Director of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Adult Strabismus service in the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Medical School and the Founding Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Dr. Kushner is very well known and respected in the field and has significant name recognition as a strabismus expert.

Guides the reader through the thought process needed for successful management of strabismus

Contains a distillation of the many practical "pearls" that the author has accumulated and shared with residents and fellows over a 40 year career

Describes the nuances in decision-making with a discussion of pros and cons of many treatment approaches and hypothesis

Written for pediatric ophthalmologists and trainees

Foreword.- Preface.- Chapter 1 History.- Chapter 2 The Examination.- Chapter 3 Refraction.- Chapter 4 Functional Amblyopia.- Chapter 5 Esotropia.- Chapter 6 Exotropia.- Chapter 7 A-Pattern, V-Pattern, and Other Alphabet Pattern Strabismus.- Chapter 8 Vertical Deviations.- Chapter 9 Diplopia.- Chapter 10 Strabismus Surgery.- Chapter 11 Complications of Eye Muscle Surgery.- Chapter 12 Thyroid Eye Disease.- Chapter 13 How to Perform Superior Surgery on the Inferior Oblique and Avoid Inferior Surgery on the Superior Oblique.- Chapter 14 Abnormal Head Postures.- Chapter 15 Brown Syndrome.- Chapter 16 Duane Syndrome.- Chapter 17 Miscellaneous Strabismus Syndromes.- Chapter 18 Nystagmus.- Chapter 19 Paralytic Strabismus: Third and Sixth Cranial Nerves.- Chapter 20 Re-operations.- Chapter 21 Complicated Strabismus.