Preface; Introduction; General overview; 1. The psychological basis of intergroup relations; 1.1 Intergroup behaviour; 1.2 Psychological intergroup repertoire; 1.3 Formation of the psychological intergroup repertoire; 1.4 Conclusions; 2. Psychological intergroup repertoire in intractable conflicts; 2.1 Intractable conflicts; 2.2 Societal beliefs in intractable conflicts; 2.3 Negative psychological intergroup repertoire; 2.4 Conclusions; 3. The context: The Arab-Israeli intractable conflict; 3.1 Socio-cultural context; 3.2 The intractable nature of the Arab-Israeli conflict; 3.3 The Jewish narrative of the Arab-Israeli conflict; 3.4 Israeli Jewish ethos of conflict; 3.5 Conclusions; 4. Representation of Arabs in public discourse; 4.1 The impact of mass media; 4.2 Public discourse before the establishment of the State; 4.3 Public discourse by leaders; 4.4 Public discourse through the media in the State of Israel; 4.5 Research on the presentation of Palestinians in the Israeli mass media; 4.6 Research on the presentation of Arab citizens of the State of Israel in the media; 4.7 Conclusions; 5. Representation of Arabs in school textbooks; 5.1 Presentation of Arabs in school textbooks of the pre-state period; 5.2 Presentation of Arabs in school textbooks from 1948 up to the early 1970s; 5.3 Presentation of Arabs in school textbooks between the mid 1970s and 1990s; 5.4 Conclusions; 6. Representation of Arabs in cultural products; 6.1 Adult Hebrew literature; 6.2 Children's literature; 6.3 Hebrew drama; 6.4 Israeli films; 6.5 Conclusions; 7. Representation of Arabs by Israeli Jews: review of empirical research; 7.1 Psychological repertoire towards Arabs; 7.2 Views about Arab-Israeli relations; 7.3 Views about Arabs; 7.4 Citizens of Israel; 7.5 Conclusions; 8. The development of shared psychological intergroup repertoire in a conflict: theory and methods; 8.1 The cognitive foundations of social representations; 8.2 Personality development, personality states, and social representations; 8.3 The context of social representations; 8.4 An integrative developmental-contextual approach for the acquisition and development of stereotypes and prejudice; 8.5 Assessment of children's social representations - general considerations; 8.6 Conclusions; 9. Studies with preschoolers; 9.1 Objectives and overview; 9.2 Words, concepts, identities, stereotypes, and attitudes; 9.3 Images, stereotypes, and attitudes in different social environments; 9.4 General discussion; 9.5 Conclusions; 10. Studies with school children, adolescents, and young adults; 10.1 Objectives and overview; 10.2 Image acquisition; 10.3 Influences of specific environments; 10.4 Differentiation and generalisation; 10.5 Sense of knowledge, perceived similarity, and perceived quality of relations as predictors of stereotypes and attitudes; 10.6 General discussion; 10.7 Conclusions; 11. The reflection of social images in human figure drawing; 11.1 The development and meaning of drawings; 11.2 Obtaining and scoring the drawings; 11.3 Scoring the beliefs and intentions questionnaire; 11.4 Research overview and objectives; 11.5 General discussion; 11.6 Conclusions; 12. General conclusions and implications; 12.1 Conclusions; 12.2 Changing the shared psychological intergroup repertoire of people involved in intractable conflict: general observations; 12.3 Changing the psychological intergroup repertoire in the context of intractable conflict: thoughts about intervention; 12.4 Final words; 12.5 References.