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Paper Machines
About Cards & Catalogs, 1548-1929
Taschenbuch von Markus Krajewski
Sprache: Englisch

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Beschreibung
Why the card catalog--a "paper machine" with rearrangeable elements--can be regarded as a precursor of the computer. Today on almost every desk in every office sits a computer. Eighty years ago, desktops were equipped with a nonelectronic data processing machine: a card file. In Paper Machines, Markus Krajewski traces the evolution of this proto-computer of rearrangeable parts (file cards) that became ubiquitous in offices between the world wars. The story begins with Konrad Gessner, a sixteenth-century Swiss polymath who described a new method of processing data: to cut up a sheet of handwritten notes into slips of paper, with one fact or topic per slip, and arrange as desired. In the late eighteenth century, the card catalog became the librarian's answer to the threat of information overload. Then, at the turn of the twentieth century, business adopted the technology of the card catalog as a bookkeeping tool. Krajewski explores this conceptual development and casts the card file as a "universal paper machine" that accomplishes the basic operations of Turing's universal discrete machine: storing, processing, and transferring data. In telling his story, Krajewski takes the reader on a number of illuminating detours, telling us, for example, that the card catalog and the numbered street address emerged at the same time in the same city (Vienna), and that Harvard University's home-grown cataloging system grew out of a librarian's laziness; and that Melvil Dewey (originator of the Dewey Decimal System) helped bring about the technology transfer of card files to business.
Why the card catalog--a "paper machine" with rearrangeable elements--can be regarded as a precursor of the computer. Today on almost every desk in every office sits a computer. Eighty years ago, desktops were equipped with a nonelectronic data processing machine: a card file. In Paper Machines, Markus Krajewski traces the evolution of this proto-computer of rearrangeable parts (file cards) that became ubiquitous in offices between the world wars. The story begins with Konrad Gessner, a sixteenth-century Swiss polymath who described a new method of processing data: to cut up a sheet of handwritten notes into slips of paper, with one fact or topic per slip, and arrange as desired. In the late eighteenth century, the card catalog became the librarian's answer to the threat of information overload. Then, at the turn of the twentieth century, business adopted the technology of the card catalog as a bookkeeping tool. Krajewski explores this conceptual development and casts the card file as a "universal paper machine" that accomplishes the basic operations of Turing's universal discrete machine: storing, processing, and transferring data. In telling his story, Krajewski takes the reader on a number of illuminating detours, telling us, for example, that the card catalog and the numbered street address emerged at the same time in the same city (Vienna), and that Harvard University's home-grown cataloging system grew out of a librarian's laziness; and that Melvil Dewey (originator of the Dewey Decimal System) helped bring about the technology transfer of card files to business.
Über den Autor
Markus Krajewski is Associate Professor of Media History at the Bauhaus University, Weimar. He is a developer of the bibliographic software Synapsen: A Hypertextual Card Index ([...]
Details
Erscheinungsjahr: 2023
Fachbereich: Verlagswesen
Genre: Importe, Medienwissenschaften
Rubrik: Wissenschaften
Medium: Taschenbuch
ISBN-13: 9780262550857
ISBN-10: 0262550857
Sprache: Englisch
Ausstattung / Beilage: Paperback
Einband: Kartoniert / Broschiert
Autor: Krajewski, Markus
Hersteller: MIT Press
Verantwortliche Person für die EU: Books on Demand GmbH, In de Tarpen 42, D-22848 Norderstedt, info@bod.de
Maße: 229 x 152 x 14 mm
Von/Mit: Markus Krajewski
Erscheinungsdatum: 26.12.2023
Gewicht: 0,368 kg
Artikel-ID: 128217966
Über den Autor
Markus Krajewski is Associate Professor of Media History at the Bauhaus University, Weimar. He is a developer of the bibliographic software Synapsen: A Hypertextual Card Index ([...]
Details
Erscheinungsjahr: 2023
Fachbereich: Verlagswesen
Genre: Importe, Medienwissenschaften
Rubrik: Wissenschaften
Medium: Taschenbuch
ISBN-13: 9780262550857
ISBN-10: 0262550857
Sprache: Englisch
Ausstattung / Beilage: Paperback
Einband: Kartoniert / Broschiert
Autor: Krajewski, Markus
Hersteller: MIT Press
Verantwortliche Person für die EU: Books on Demand GmbH, In de Tarpen 42, D-22848 Norderstedt, info@bod.de
Maße: 229 x 152 x 14 mm
Von/Mit: Markus Krajewski
Erscheinungsdatum: 26.12.2023
Gewicht: 0,368 kg
Artikel-ID: 128217966
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