Graeme Garrard is the author of four books, most recently The Return of the State: And Why It Is Essential For Our Health, Wealth and Happiness (Yale University Press, 2022). He has published many scholarly journal articles and popular essays in newspapers and magazines. Dr Garrard is Professor of Politics at Cardiff University and a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society. He has taught at colleges and universities in Canada, Britain, France and the United States for 27 years, including 12 years at the Harvard Summer School. He is a graduate of the University of Toronto and Oxford University.

James Bernard Murphy is Professor of Government at Dartmouth College, where he teaches political philosophy, jurisprudence, and ethics. Before becoming a professor, Murphy worked as an urban planner in the City of New York, where he was born. He received his Masters of City Planning from M.I.T. and his B.A. and Ph.D. from Yale University. Murphy's scholarly books include The Moral Economy of Labor (1993), Your Whole Life: Beyond Childhood and Adulthood (2020), and Deification in Classical Greek Philosophy and the Bible (forthcoming 2024). He has also written for a wider audience in his books How to Think Politically (with Graeme Garrard, 2019), Haunted by Paradise: A Philosopher's Quest for Biblical Answers to Key Moral Questions (2021), The Third Sword: On the Political Role of Prophets (forthcoming, 2023), and in essays for the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, and the Washington Post.

Thinker Dates

Introduction: Politics - Might Made Right

ANCIENTS
1 Confucius: The Sage
2 Plato: The Dramatist
3 Aristotle: The Biologist
4 Augustine: The Realist

MEDIEVALS
5 Al-Farabi: The Imam
6 Maimonides: The Lawgiver
7 Thomas Aquinas: The Harmonizer

MODERNS
8 Niccolò Machiavelli: The Patrio
9 Thomas Hobbes: The Absolutist
10 John Locke: The Puritan
11 David Hume: The Sceptic
12 Jean-Jacques Rousseau: The Citizen
13 Edmund Burke: The Counter-Revolutionary
14 Mary Wollstonecroft: The Feminist
15 Immanuel Kant: The Purist
16 Thomas Paine: The Firebrand
17 Georg Wilhelm Freidrich Hegel: The Mystic
18 James Madison: The Founder
19 Alexis de Tocqueville: The Prophet
20 John Stuart Mill: The Individualist
21 Karl Marx: The Revolutionary
22 Friedrich Nietsche: The Psychologist

CONTEMPORARIES
23 Mohandas Gandhi: The Warrior
24 Sayyid Qutb: The Jihadist
25 Hannah Arendt: The Pariah
26 Mao Zedong: The Chairman
27 Friedrich Hayek: The Libertairan
28 John Rawls: The Liberal
29 Martha Nussbaum: The Self-Developer
30 Arne Naess: The Mountaineer

Conclusion: The Unhappy Marriage of Politics and Philosophy

Suggested Further Reading
Acknowledgements
Index