Larry B. Rainey is a retired U.S. Air Force Research and Development Officer. Following his retirement from the Air Force he went to work for The Aerospace Corporation and various Department of Defense contractors. He has taught Spacecraft Design at the Air Force Institute of Technology, the graduate school of the Air Force and has taught modeling and simulation courses at Colorado Technical University and the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs.

Thomas O. Holland is a Principal Research Engineer at the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) Information and Controls Laboratory. Prior to joining GTRI Dr. Holland was the senior strategist for modeling and simulation at the Naval Surface Warfare Center in Dahlgren Virginia, Chief Engineer for the Marine Corps Framework for Assessing Cost and Technology, and member of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy Research, Development, and Acquisition Modeling & Simulation Leadership Council.

Section I. Introduction and Overview. 1. Introduction and Overview for Emergent Behavior in System of Systems: Real-World Applications. 2. An Overview of System of Systems and Associated Emergent Behavior. 3. Exposing and Controlling Emergent Behaviors Using Models with Human Reasoning. Section II. Practical Applications. 4. Future War at Sea: The U.S. Navy, Autonomy in War at Sea and Emergent Behaviors. 5. Applications of Defense-in-Depth and Zero-Trust Cryptographic Products in Emergent Cybersecurity Environments. 6. The Nature of Emergence in Wargaming: Extracting Operational Insight from a Dynamic Game Field. 7. DEVS-Based Modeling and Simulation to Reveal Emergent Behaviors of IoT Devices. 8. Analyzing Emergence in Biological Neural Networks Using Graph Signal Processing. 9. Deep Horizon Emergent Behavior in a System of Systems Disaster. 10. Emergent Behavior in Space Architecting and On-orbit SpaceOperations. Section III. Summary. 11. Lessons Learned and the Proposed Way-Ahead.