Contents

About this book

How to use this book

Dedication and acknowledgmentsDiseases caused by fungi

Overview of fungal diseases of woody plants

Diseases caused by Ascomycota

Foliar diseases

Taphrina diseases: leaf curls and blisters, bladder plum, witches'-brooms

Powdery mildews

Witches'-broom of hackberry and black witches'-broom of serviceberry

Dark fungi on plants: sooty molds, black mildews, and others

Spot anthracnoses and scabs caused by Elsinoe and Sphaceloma

Diseases caused by Mycosphaerella species and related anamorphs

Overview

Leaf spots of ash, walnut, citrus, rose, mountain-ash, sycamore

Septoria diseases of poplar and other plants

Brown spot needle blight of pines

Dothistroma needle blight of pines

Stigmina leaf spot of palms

Mycosphaerella leaf spot of Yucca

Blights and leaf spots caused by fungi of the Cercospora complex

"Cercospora" blights of Cupressaceae

Some "Cercospora" leaf spots

Linden leaf blotch, and leaf spots caused by Coniothyrium, Microsphaeropsis, Sonderhenia, and "Hendersonia"

Ascochyta blight of lilac

Leaf spots and blotches caused by Cuignardia and Phyllosticta

Diseases caused by Cuignardia species: leaf blotch of horse-chestnut and buckeye, leaf spot of Boston ivy, black rot of grapevine

Phyllosticta leaf spots and blotches of dogwood, hazelnut, witch-hazel, maples

Tubakia leaf spot of oaks and other trees and fly-speck leaf spot of Vaccinium

Needle blights and needle casts of conifers

Lophodermium needle casts

Ploioderma needle casts of pines

Canavirgella and Davisomycella needle casts of pines

Elytroderma needle casts of pines

Lonhodermella and Cvclaneusma needle casts of pines

Rhizosphaera and Isthmiella needle casts

Rhabdocline and Swiss needle casts of Douglas-fir

Meria needle blight of larch and Didymascella leaf blight of cedar

Snow blights

Brown felt blights

Tar spots

Ink spot leaf blight of aspen and poplar

Ovulinia petal blight of Rhododendron and Ciborinia flower blight of Camellia

Botrytis blight

Cristulariella leaf spots

Brown rot of stone fruits

Entomosporium leaf spot of Maloideae

Black spot of rose and Blumeriella leaf spot of cherry and plum

Marssonina spots and blights

Leaf spots and blights of aspen and poplar

Anthracnoses of birch and bittersweet

Alternaria blights and leaf spots

Shoot blights and twig diebacks

Scab diseases caused by Venturia species

Apple scab

Scabs of firethorn, loquat, and toyon

Venturia leaf and shoot blights of aspen and poplar

Scab and black canker of willow and Venturia leaf blotch of maple

Bronze leaf disease of aspen and poplar and Linospora leaf blight of balsam poplars

Anthracnoses

Anthracnose overview and black spot of elm

Ash anthracnose

Oak anthracnose

Sycamore anthracnose

Walnut anthracnose and Gnomonia leaf spots of hickory and pecan

Doewood anthracnose

Anthracnoses of birch, filbert, and redbud

Anthracnoses and Didymosporina leaf soot of maples

Cankers and diebacks

Hornbeam anthracnose

Anthracnoses and diebacks caused by Clomerella and Colletotrichum

Butternut canker

Sirococcus blight of conifers

Ceratocystis cankers

Diseases caused by Botryophaeria and allied fungi

Botryosphaeria cankers and diebacks

Cankers, dieback, and leaf blight caused by B. dolliidea and B. Ribis

Cankers and dieback caused by: B. stevensii and Diplodia quercina

B. queicuum and related fungi on oak

B. obtuse

B. rhodina

Diplodia (Spiiaeropsis) blight of pines and other conifers

Sphaeropsis canker and dieback of elm

Sphaeropsis knot and Dipiodia gall

Melanconis diebacks and sooty canker

Diseases caused by Diaportlx and Phomopsis species

Diaporthc and Phomopsis cankers and cliebacks

Overview

Phomopsis canker of Russian-olive

Diseases of Rhododendron

Phomopsis cankers of almond and peach

Diseases associated with the Diaporihe eres complex

Phomopsis dieback of poplar

Diaporthe canker and dieback of sycamore

Phomopsis dieback of weeping figOther cankers and diebacks caused by Diaporthe and Plioniopsis

Diaporthe and Phomousis cankers of conifers

Phomopsis, Kabatina. and Scleronlioma blights of juniper and other gymnosperms

Stem galls

Phomopsis sails

Phomopsis canker of Cardenici and Nectriella gall of ornamental plants

Black knot of Prunus

Cankers and diebacks, continued Cryptodiaporthe cankers

Cryptodiaporthe canker of poplar

Cryptodiaporthe canker of willow

Golden canker of alternate-leaf clogwood

Eastern filbert blight

Chestnut blight

Chrysoporthe canker of Eucalyptus

Endothia canker

Leucostoma and Valsa cankers

Overview

Valsa cankers and diebacks of conifers

Leucostoma canker of spruce and other conifers

Leucostoma cankers of Pruniis

Leucostoma and Valsa cankers of poplar and willow

Valsa cankers of maple

Cryptosporiopsis canker of red maple

Nectria cankers and diebacks

Coral-spot Nectria canker

Tubercularia canker and dieback

Thyronectria canker of honeylocust

Perennial Nectria canker

Beech bark disease

Fusarium cankers

Cankers caused by Fusarium solani or F. Iateritium

Pitch canker of pines

Pestalotiopsis spots, blights, and diebacks

Sciridium cankers of cypress

Cryptosphaeria canker of aspen

Eutypella canker of maples

Cankers and diebacks caused by Xylariaccous fungi

Entoleuca (Hypoxylon) canker of aspen

Biscogniauxia cankers and diebacks

Biscogniauxia (Hypoxylon) diebacks of oaks

Blister canker

Camillea- and Hypoxylon-associated cankers and diebacks

Basal canker and butt rot caused by Kretzschmaria deusta

Cankers and diebacks caused by discomycetes

Sooty-bark canker of aspen and poplar

Ceningium dieback of pines

Scleroderris canker of conifers

Atropellis cankers of pines

Lachnellula cankers of conifers and Strumella canker of hardwoods

Root diseases

Charcoal root rot and Fusarium root rots

Root rots and blights caused by Cylindrocladium and Cylindrocladiclla

Phymatotrichum and Thiclaviopsis root rots

Xylaria and Rosellinia root rots

Rhizina root rot and southern blight

Procerum root disease of pines

Systemic fungal diseases

Black stain root disease of conifers

Ceratocystis cankers

Ceratocystis cankers of Populus and Prunus

Canker-stain of planetree and sycamore

Sapstreak disease and bluestain

Oak wilt

Dutch elm disease

Verticillium wilt

Persimmon wilt

Fusarium wiltsDiseases caused by Basidiomycota

Foliar diseases

Exobasidium galls and blisters

Articularia and Microstroma leaf spots and witches'-brooms

Insolibasidium blight of honeysuckle and false smut of palms

Diseases caused by Rhizoctonia-forming fungi

Rusts

Overview of rusts

Phragmidiurn rusts

Gymnosporangium rusts

Overview

Cedar-apple rust

Hawthorn rust

Quince rust

Juniper broom rust

Broom rust of incense-cedar and rust galls on south-western junipers

Medlar rust

Additional Gymnosporangium rusts

Puccinia and Cumminsiella rusts

Ash rust

Cluster-cup rust of currant and gooseberry

Crown rust of buckthorn

Rusts on Berberis and Mahonia

Fig rust and birch rust

Pucciniastrum and allied rusts

Hemlock-hydrangea rust

Hemlock-blueberry rusts

Fir-fireweed and fuschia rusts

Fir-blueberry rust

Other Pucciniastrum and Thekopsora rusts in North America

Fir-fern rusts

Broom rust of fir

Melampsora rusts

Poplar rusts

Willow rusts

Chrysomyxa rusts of spruce

Needle rusts of pines

Stem and cone rusts of pines

Overview of North American Cronartium rusts

White pine blister rust

Fusiform rust and pine-oak gall rusts

Sweetfern blister rust

Stalactiform and Comandra blister rusts

Limb rusts and cone rusts

Western gall rust

Trunk and limb rots of hardwoods

Overview of wood types and decay processes

Representative decay fungi: Stereum gausapatum, Hericium erinaceus, Phellinus species, Climacodon septentrionalis, Bjerkandera adusta, Fomes fomentarius, Globifomes graveolens, Perenniporia fraxinophila, Oxyporus populinus, Trametes versicolor, Polyporus squamosus, Laetiporus species, Piptoporus betulinus

Canker-rots of hardwoods

Spiculosa canker

Canker rots of birch

Hispidus canker, heart rot and canker-rot caused by Inonotus andersonii, canker-rot caused by Inonotus glomeratus

Sapwood rot and cankers caused by Cerrena unicolor and Schizophyllum commune

Sapwood decay and silverleaf caused by Chondrostereum purpureum

Trunk rots and canker-rots of conifers

Heart rots caused by Fomitoosis pinicola and Echinodontium tinctorium

Heart rot caused by Phellinus pini and canker rot caused by P. cancriformans

Root diseases

Southern blight

Rhizoctonia diseases

Armillaria root rots

Mushroom root rot

Root and butt rots caused by Heterobasidion species

Red root and bun rot of conifers

Brown root...