1.Basics161.1.Bubbles and how ultrasound systems talk to them161.1.1.Contrast agents for ultrasound171.1.1.[...] pool agents171.1.1.2.Selective uptake agents181.1.2.Talking to bubbles: physical principles of contrast imaging191.1.2.1.Bubble behavior and incident pressure191.1.2.[...] Mechanical Index (MI)191.1.2.3.Nonlinear echoes and harmonic imaging201.1.2.4.Harmonic B-mode imaging211.1.2.[...] inversion imaging211.1.2.[...] inversion Doppler imaging: amplitude and phase modulation221.1.2.7.Temporal Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) imaging231.1.2.8.Disrupting bubbles: intermittent imaging231.2.Safety considerations and regulatory status261.3.Clinical aspects of adverse reactions281.4.B-mode ultrasound documentation291.4.1.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) documentation291.4.2.Basics of CEUS documentation301.4.[...] documentation: Characterization of a focal liver lesion301.4.4.Detection of malignant liver lesions311.4.5.Systematic documentation of the liver: standardized sweeps321.4.[...]-liver CEUS documentation321.[...] and volume navigation / fusion imaging321.5.1.V-NAV - Technical background321.5.[...] to use V-Nav321.5.2.1.Marking331.5.2.2.Fusion Imaging341.5.2.[...] clinical purposes361.6.Examination strategies, tips & techniques361.6.[...] to a CEUS study361.6.2.Reasons for an insufficient contrast enhancement391.6.3.Dosage of contrast agent411.6.4.Acoustic output (MI) and bubble destruction421.6.[...] types and contrast imaging431.6.[...] performance442.Liver492.1.Kinetics of US contrast agents492.2.Benign focal liver lesions502.2.1.Benign cystic liver lesions512.2.[...] fatty infiltration512.2.3.Hemangioma522.2.[...] nodular hyperplasia532.2.5.Hepatic adenoma542.2.[...] benign focal liver lesions572.3.Infectious diseases592.3.[...] infections592.3.[...] abscesses592.3.2.1.Parasitic focal liver diseases612.3.[...] Infections622.4.Hepatocellular carcinoma662.4.1.Characterization of HCC by CEUS672.4.2.Detection of HCC by CEUS712.4.3.Diagnostic work-up for HCC based on ultrasound and CEUS712.5.Cholangiocarcinoma722.6.Detection of focal liver lesions762.7.Differentiation between benign and malignant liver lesions802.8.Evaluation and characterization of metastatic liver disease862.8.1.Vascular involvement882.[...] role of contrast enhanced ultrasound in liver surgery962.9.1.Background962.9.2.Contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasound (CE-IOUS) technique982.9.3.Characterization of focal liver lesions with CE-IOUS992.9.[...]-IOUS of liver metastases1002.9.5.Actual change in surgical mangement as a result of CE-IOUS1002.9.6.Clinical perspective1012.9.[...]-IOUS of HCC1022.9.8.Limitations of CE-IOUS1032.9.9.Future directions and challenges1042.[...] in the follow-up after liver transplantation1062.10.1.Vascular complications1072.10.1.1.Hepatic artery1072.10.1.2.Portal vein1082.10.1.3.Inferior vena cava (IVC) and hepatic vein1092.11.Evaluation of anti-angiogenic treatments using dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with quantification1102.11.[...] processing1112.11.2.Further evaluation of DCE-US1123.Gallbladder diseases1213.1.Cholecystitis and complications1213.2.Malignant tumors of the gallbladder wall1254.Pancreas1284.1.Pancreatic vasculature and parenchymal enhancement1284.2.Comparison to other imaging modalities1294.3.Examination technique1304.4.Inflammatory diseases1314.5.Cystic pancreatic tumors1324.[...] pancreatic tumors1335.Spleen1405.1.Splenic vasculature and parenchymal enhancement1405.2.Examination technique1405.3.Diffuse splenic diseases1415.4.Vascular splenic lesions1435.5.Benign focal lesions1445.6.Secundary malignant focal splenic lesions1496.Kidneys and collective system1526.1.Infectious diseases1526.[...] renal tumors1566.2.1.Benign renal tumors1596.2.1.1.Angiomyolipoma1596.2.1.2.Oncocytoma1626.2.2.Malignant renal tumors1646.3.Cystic renal tumors1706.3.1.Urothelium ca