Vivian Nutton, FBA, is Professor Emeritus of the History of Medicine at University College London. He has published extensively on all aspects of medicine before the seventeenth century. His most recent books include Galen: A Thinking Doctor in Imperial Rome (Routledge, 2020) and Renaissance Medicine (Routledge, 2022).

1 Sources and scope; 2 Patterns of disease; 3 Before Hippocrates; 4 Hippocrates, the Hippocratic Corpus and the de¿ning of medicine; 5 `Hippocratic` theories; 6 `Hippocratic` practices; 7 Religion and medicine in ¿fth- and fourth-century Greece; 8 From Plato to Praxagoras; 9 Alexandria, anatomy and experimentation; 10 Hellenistic medicine; 11 Rome and the transplantation of Greek medicine; 12 The consequences of empire: pharmacology, surgery and the Roman army; 13 The rise of Methodism; 14 Humoral alternatives; 15 The life and career of Galen; 16 Galenic medicine; 17 All sorts and conditions of (mainly) men; 18 Medicine and the religions of the Roman Empire; 19 Medicine in the Later Roman Empire; 20 Conclusion; Appendix 1 Editions and Translations of Ancient Medical Text; Appendix 2 Chronological Table.