Dr. Patrick Witte is Assistant Professor in Urban and Regional Planning at the Department of Human Geography and Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University (the Netherlands). His research focuses on integrated spatial planning and transport infrastructure systems, with a particular focus on digital transformations of cities (planning support, smart governance, smart mobility). He is the programme coordinator of the master's programme in spatial planning, that was awarded the AESOP Certificate of Quality for Excellence in Education (2019-2024). He is coordinating and teaching courses in the master's programme in spatial planning and in the bachelor's programme in human geography and planning.

Dr. Thomas Hartmann is the Chair of Land Policy and Land Management at the School of Planning, Technical University of Dortmund (Germany) and also affiliated with the Czech University Jan Evangelista Purkyne (UJEP) in Usti nad Labem, Faculty of Social and Economic Studies. His research focuses on strategies of municipal land policy and the relation of flood risk management and property rights. He is also president of the International Academic Association on Planning, Law, and Property Rights.

1. Spatial planning - an exploration of the discipline 2. The object of planning: land-use 3. The process of planning: policy and governance 4. The context of planning: an administrative and institutional context 5. Discussion: the planning triangle 'revisited'